The two models yielded similar estimates, largely corresponding to. The information in this survey card also covers the information available for these formerly recognised species. Larvae hatch in a few days and burrow into interior of the fruit to feed on the pulp for 4 12 days. Wolbachia is a vertically transmitted endosymbiont that can significantly influence aspects of the biology and, in particular, the reproduction of its host. Assessment of the invasive fruit fly, bactrocera invadens. Faoiaeausda 2003 manual for product quality control and. A8 rounded with prominent intermediate areas and obvious sensilla. Bactrocera invadens bctrinoverview eppo global database. Jul 03, 2019 bactrocera invadens was later described by drew et al. Distribution countries with established infestations include cabi 1994. The trap used will usually be modelled on the steiner trap white and elsonharris, 1994. This action plan was previously developed for bactrocera invadens. Tephritid fruit flies spend their larval stages feeding and growing in over 400 host plants.
Bactrocera dorsalis, the oriental fruit fly, is one of the worlds most. Pdf an evaluation of the species status of bactrocera. Bactrocera invadens and other invasive bactrocera species such as bactrocera dorsalis and bactrocera zonata. Bactrocera invadens originates from the indian subcontinent and has recently invaded all of sub. Surveillance and monitoring of bactrocera invadens in south. Comparison of foodbased attractants for bactrocera.
Insects free fulltext spatial distribution of bactrocera. Bactrocera bactrocera invadens is the name given to tephritid fruit flies that were introduced to east africa from sri lanka and subsequently invaded practically the whole of subsaharan africa, hence the species name invadens. Bactrocera dorsalis has only recently been aligned with the former species b. Having spread rapidly throughout africa, it threatens agriculture due to crop damage and loss of market access. In this study, 14 adult samples of fruit flies were collected from bujumbura and cibitoke in burundi district. Bactrocera dorsalis oriental fruit fly synonymization of key pest species within the bactrocera dorsalis species complex diptera. Me is available as slow release dispensers in form of either a plug or a fibreboard block invader lure. Insects free fulltext an overview of pest species of. Bactrocera invadens, parapheromones, olfactometer, gcead. First record of an invasive fruit fly belonging to bactrocera. Generally, the abdomen has two horizontal black stripes and a longitudinal median stripe extending from the base of the third segment to the apex of the abdomen.
The pumpkin fruit fly, dacus bivittatus, was a common species collected in the traps with cuelure. Comparison of foodbased attractants for bactrocera invadens. Bactrocera invadens was later described by drew et al. Bactrocera invadens was added to the eppo a2 list in 2010. The oriental fruit fly, bactrocera dorsalis hendel, is a very destructive pest of fruit in areas where it occurs. Action plan for the control of the oriental fruit fly. Sep 19, 2014 bactrocera invadens, an invasive fruit fly species in the afrotropical region belonging to the bactrocera dorsalis complex, causes considerable damage to fruit production and productivity. Detection of bactrocera invadens invader fruit fly in the northern part of limpopo province 09 may 2012 for immediate release the department of agriculture, forestry and fisheries daff has discovered new detections of an invader fruit fly known as bactrocera invadens a quarantine pest in limpopo province. Tephritidae in relation to mango phenology in the lake victoria crescent, uganda volume 69 issue 6 alex mayamba, caroline kukiriza nankinga, brian isabirye, anne margaret akol. Identification of host blends that attract the african. Synonymization of key pest species within the bactrocera.
Bulletin bacrtocera the california insect survey 7. Taxonomic identity of the invasive fruit fly pest, bactrocera invadens. Since 2003, the species is rapidly spreading across tropical africa drew et al. Fruit flies in the family tephritidae are among the most destructive, feared and wellpublicized pests of fruits and vegetables around the world. In 1994, several species were newly described as part of a cryptic species complex. Historical perspective on the synonymization of the four major pest. Mated females deposit eggs within the flesh of the fruit on a host plant. Host plants and host plant preference studies for bactrocera.
In this study, the morphometry and dna barcoding of different populations of b. The imported fruit should originate in a country or an area recognised as free. Ispm 27 diagnostic protocols for regulated pests dp 29. Fruit fly ff species, number ff adults per speciesand host emerged ff adults pupae host colle bactrocera ceratitis ceratitis ceratitis to relati cted invadens rosa cosyra capitata tal ve %mango 1024 670 0 38 0 708 21. Pupation is more likely to take place in the soil at the end of the season in areas where there are many generations per year rice 2000. The subgeneric treatments have only partly adopted this latest change, but are indicated here to reflect the most modern dna based insights. Complex bactrocera dorsalis an evaluation of the species. Bactrocera invadens iita research for development r4d.
In 2003, a new fruit fly pest species was recorded for the first time in kenya and has subsequently been found in 28 countries across tropical africa. In reaction a cold mitigating treatment to provide phytosanitary security to importing countries was developed in nairobi, kenya. Concordance in morphometry and dna barcoding fathiya m. Methyl eugenol me me is available as slow release dispensers in form of either a plug or a fibreboard block invader lure. Bactrocera became the main genus for the tribe after bactrocera and dacus were split, but bactrocera was further divided into zeugodacus and bactrocera in 2015. First record of an invasive fruit fly belonging to. Ecological niche and potential geographic distribution of. Seasonal population fluctuations of bactrocera invadens diptera. Direct methods of control are reserved for emergencies only. It occurs in india, bhutan and some countries of africa.
Key words bactrocera dorsalis, diptera, tephritidae, b. Bactrocera invadens control in kenya pest and disease management in mango farming in kenya. In 2007, mazoferm e802 and torula yeast were the most effective attractants and captured 2. Pdf host plants and host plant preference studies for. Generally, the abdomen has two horizontal black stripes and a longitudinal median stripe extending. Trapping guidelines for surveillance of bactrocera invadens. A fuller datasheet may be prepared, however several studies published after its addition to the eppo a2 list have suggested that b.
It is an old world lineage, with species native to africa, tropical and subtropical asia,australasia,andthewesternpaci. We do not use these to store personal information about you. Pdf candidate attractants for bactrocera invadens diptera. The attractiveness of volatiles from four different fruit species. It belongs to the bactrocera dorsalis complex, but is difficult to diagnose based on solely morphological identification. Bactrocera dorsalis and thaumatotibia leucotreta cause tremendous yield losses of various fruit crops including avocadoes 10,11,12,16,17,18,19. Isolated oneoff cases recorded in central and eastern swaziland. Laboratory evaluation of the susceptibility of adult african invader fly bactrocera invadens diptera. Update on the distribution of bactrocera invadens first find in bhutan. The genera anastrepha, bactrocera, and ceratitis pose the greatest risk to u. Tephritidae, an invasive fruit fly species of asian origin, was detected in kenya in 2003, and is now well established in several parts of the. The larvae then drop from the fruit to pupate in the soil. We examine overlap and similarity in the geographical expression of each species realised niche through reciprocal distribution models between africa.
Two correlative approaches to the challenge of ecological niche modeling genetic algorithm, maximum entropy were used to estimate the potential global distribution of the invasive fruit fly, bactrocera invadens, based on associations between known occurrence records and a set of environmental predictor variables. Bactrocera dorsalis, oriental fruit fly hendel tephritidae. In organic farming systems, preventive methods based on proper crop and habitat management are encouraged. Mango fruit flies bactrocera invadens control in kenya. Fruit fly identification, population dynamics and fruit. The following is a generalized life history for bactrocera fruit flies. Taxonomic identity of the invasive fruit fly pest, bactrocera. Niche overlap of congeneric invaders supports a single.
Tephritidae to nulurebased bait of some selected insecticides commonly used by. In 2003, the pest species bactrocera dorsalis hendel was reported for. The pest status of bactrocera dorsalis hendel the oriental fruit fly is considered higher than b. For further information on trapping bactrocera species to monitor movement, see weldon et al. Bactrocera carambolae is one of the approximately 100 sibling species of the. Since the establishment of bactrocera invadens in northern namibia and mozambique as well as in the territories of several other african trading partners, surveillance has been intensified especially alongside the northern borders of south africa. Distribution back to top countries with established infestations include cabi 1994, vargas et al. Native to asia, oriental fruit fly is now found in at least 65 countries, including parts of america and oceania, and most of continental africa subsaharan co. Oriental fruit fly, bactrocera dorsalis hendel insecta. Population structure of a global agricultural invasive pest, bactrocera. Jun 20, 2019 identification of bactrocera invadens diptera. Insects free fulltext the complete mitochondrial genome of. Mating compatibility between bactrocera invadens and.
Training on fruit fly identification, control measures, and field management should be given to horticultural crops producing farmers as well as extension officers keys words. This species complex forms a group within the subgenus bactrocera and the name may therefore be cited as bactrocera bactrocera dorsalis. Tephritidae in multilure traps baited with six commercial foodbased attractants, mazoferm e802, torula yeast, gf120, hymlure, biolure, and nulure were compared in mango orchards in kenya. The fruit flies belonging to the bactrocera dorsalis complex and the species bactrocera zonata saunders are highly polyphagous and among the most alarming species. All japanese territories were declared free of the oriental fruit fly in 1985, after an. The pest is believed to be native to sri lanka 5 and has rapidly expanded its geographical range, now reported from 28 african countries including the indian ocean archipelago of the comoros. Tephritidae 2 pupae pupation usually occurs within the olive fruit, but may occur in the soil depending on the time of year and number of generations. Integrative taxonomy versus taxonomic authority without peer.
These species are such devastating crop pests that major control and eradication programs have been developed in various parts of the world to combat them. World distribution of bactrocera invadens bctrin considered in some recent studies as a synonym of b. In regular surveys in benin and cameroon covering 4 yr, samples from 117 plant species across 43 families have been obtained. An evaluation of the species status of bactrocera invadens and the systematics of the bactrocera dorsalis diptera. Tephritidae are among the most economically important pest species in the world, attacking a wide range of fruits and fleshy vegetables throughout tropical and subtropical areas. First detection of bactrocera invadens in south africa ippc. Bactrocera dorsalis hendel is an important pest of fruitbearing plants in many countries worldwide. Generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need. Synonymization of key pest species within the bactrocera dorsalis.
The bactrocera dorsalis species complex is a group of true fruit flies diptera. Incubation of fieldcollected fruits demonstrate that. We investigated the influence of temperature and infestation sequence on interspecific competition between two fruit flies. Tephritidae in europe francesco nugnes 1, elia russo 1, gennaro viggiani 2 and umberto bernardo 1, 1 cnr, institute for sustainable plant protection, 80055 portici, italy. Mapping studies in larger areas in china using methyl eugenol traps documented the presence of bactrocera tau, bactrocera scutellata, bactrocera cucurbitae, bactrocera minax, and b. It was first shown to be the same biological species as b. Pdf in 2003, the invasive fruit fly bactrocera invadens drew, tsuruta.
Note that bactrocera invadens was not formally placed into the bactrocera dorsalis complex by drew et al. Cold tolerance and disinfestation of bactrocera invadens. Many species of bactrocera have not been wellstudied. Bactrocera zonata bactrocera cucurbitae bactrocera invadens ceratitiscosyra united states in usa california and established in hawaii, periodic interceptions in other states aphis 2009 imposed new import florida regulated absent requirements on certain fruits and vegetables japan not established absent established and eradicated. Abundance of african invader fly, bactrocera invadens drew. Free fulltext pdf articles from hundreds of disciplines, all in one place abundance of african invader fly, bactrocera invadens drew, tsuruta and white diptera. Interactions between the oriental fruit fly bactrocera dorsalis diptera. Population structure of a global agricultural invasive pest. Bactrocera invadens was the dominant species in incidence expressed as the ratio of infested to total number samples collected, as well as infestation rate, expressed as number of flies emerging. Bactrocera dorsalis species complex, bactrocera philippinensis, bactrocera papayae, bactrocera invadens, synonymization. Various me dispensers are commercially available in south africa.
Bactrocera invadens, an invasive fruit fly species in the afrotropical region belonging to the bactrocera dorsalis complex, causes considerable damage to fruit production and productivity. Continuing to use this website means you agree to our use of cookies. Bactrocera invadens was not collected from any of the methyl eugenol baited traps. This species complex pzpayae a group within the subgenus bactrocera and the name may therefore be cited as bactrocera bactrocera dorsalis. Bactrocera dorsalis is a member of the oriental fruit fly b. Trapping guidelines for surveillance of bactrocera. Ishs international postharvest science conference postharvest 96 bactrocera papayae diptera. A new bactrocera species detected in banin among mango fruit flies diptera. The insect was described as bactrocera invadens, due to its rapid invasion of the african continent. Tephritidae introduction synonymy distribution description life history hosts and damage quarantine and management selected references introduction back to top. Bactrocera dorsalis was formerly known as dacus dorsalis. Pdf laboratory evaluation of the susceptibility of adult. Oriental fruit fly, bactrocera dorsalis edis university of florida.